● pH = –log[H+(aq)] and [H+] = 10–pH.
● A change of one pH unit represents a 10-fold change in the hydrogen ion concentration [H+].
Guidance
Knowing the temperature dependence of Kw is not required.
● pH values distinguish between acidic, neutral, and alkaline solutions.
● The ionic product constant, Kw = [H+][OH–] = 10–14 at 298 K.

● Solving problems involving pH, [H+], and [OH–].
Guidance
● Students should be concerned only with strong acids and bases in this sub-topic.
● Students will not be assessed on pOH values.
● Students should be familiar with the use of a pH meter and universal indicator.