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    Understandings

    Applications and skills
    ● pH = –log[H+(aq)] and [H+] = 10–pH.
    ● A change of one pH unit represents a 10-fold change in the hydrogen ion concentration [H+].
    Guidance
    Knowing the temperature dependence of Kw is not required.
    ● pH values distinguish between acidic, neutral, and alkaline solutions.
    ● The ionic product constant, Kw = [H+][OH–] = 10–14 at 298 K.
    ● Solving problems involving pH, [H+], and [OH–].
    Guidance
    ● Students should be concerned only with strong acids and bases in this sub-topic.
    ● Students will not be assessed on pOH values.
    ● Students should be familiar with the use of a pH meter and universal indicator.

    Inquiry questions
    8.3 What is a pH scale and what does pH indicate?
    ​8.3 How can we use the pH and the ionic product constant to determine  the concentration of H+ and OH- ions?

    pH 

    Monitoring an aquaponics unit 
    Task:
    A. Study the image above and explain how to monitor and optimize:
    • pH
    • Dissolved Oxygen 
    • Temperature 
    • Total Nitrogen 
    B. Find the stars with numbers in the image and complete the tasks below:
    1. Determine indicators that you can use to test the pH of the water in the aquaculture effectively
    2. Explain using the pH equation in the image why pH is deceasing when there are more H+ ions in the water.
    3. Illustrate how the suggested methods in the pH section, optimize the pH by determining neutralisation reactions of these compounds with other acids and alkalis present in an aquaponics system. 
    4. In water there is an equilibrium between the un-ionised ammonia and the ionised ammonium. Explain how this equilibrium is impacted by temperature and pH. Identify how changes to this equilibrium is impacting the fish in the aquaponics system.
    5. Determine the relationship between un-ionised ammonia, pH and temperature. Use the graph to explain. 

    The phosphorous cycle
    Task:
    A. Find the stars with numbers in the image and complete the tasks below:
    1. ​​SL - Describe how phosphor is circulating in an aquaponics system
    2. SL - Explain the relationship between pH and P availability by studying the equilibrium reactions in the aquaponics system.
    3. HL - Explain which hydrogen-phosphate is mainly produced in this aquaponics unit.   
    B. Update your aquaponics slides with this and the last tasks' information