Understandings● Intermolecular forces include London (dispersion) forces, dipole–dipole forces, and hydrogen
bonding. Guidance The term ‘London (dispersion) forces’ refers to instantaneous dipole–induced dipole forces that exist between any atoms or groups of atoms and should be used for non-polar entities. The term ‘van der Waals’ is an inclusive term, which includes dipole–dipole, dipole–induced dipole, and London (dispersion) forces. ● The relative strengths of these interactions are London (dispersion) forces < dipole–dipole forces < hydrogen bonds. |
Applications and skills● Deduction of the types of intermolecular force present in substances, based on their structure and
chemical formula. ● Explanation of the physical properties of covalent compounds (volatility, electrical conductivity, and solubility) in terms of their structure and intermolecular forces. |
Bonding overview - intermolecular forces
4.4 Intermolecular forces
Introduction to Intermolecular forces
Intermolecular simulationsSimulations and explanations are taken from lumen Boundless Chemistry - https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/intermolecular-forces/
Interactive: Polarity and Attractive Strength: Attractions between polar molecules vary. Choose a pair of molecules from the drop-down menu and “pull” on the star to separate the molecules. Why does polarity have an effect on the strength of attraction between molecules?
Interactive: Hydrogen Bonding: Explore hydrogen bonds forming between polar molecules, such as water. Hydrogen bonds are shown with dotted lines. Show partial charges and run the model. Where do hydrogen bonds form? Try changing the temperature of the model. How does the pattern of hydrogen bonding explain the lattice that makes up ice crystals?
Interactive: Charged and Neural Atoms: There are two kinds of attractive forces shown in this model: Coulomb forces (the attraction between ions) and Van der Waals forces (an additional attractive force between all atoms). What kinds of patterns tend to form with charged and neutral atoms? How does changing the Van der Waals attraction or charging the atoms affect the melting and boiling point of the substance?
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Intermolecular forces in everyday materials
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Demonstration: Types of bonds Lab
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Intermolecular forces and physical properties
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Kahoot individual quizTest your knowledge by completing this Kahoot individually
Game PIN: 0612210
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