Atoms, their properties and how they are bonded together

Understandings

● A covalent bond is formed by the electrostatic attraction between a shared pair of electrons and
the positively charged nuclei.
● Single, double, and triple covalent bonds involve one, two, and three shared pairs of electrons
respectively.
● Bond length decreases and bond strength increases as the number of shared electrons increases.
● Bond polarity results from the difference in electronegativities of the bonded atoms.
Guidance
Bond polarity can be shown either with partial charges, dipoles, or vectors.

Applications and skills

● Deduction of the polar nature of a covalent bond from electronegativity values.
Guidance
Electronegativity values are given in section 8 of the data booklet.

Inquiry question

What are the different types of bonds between atoms?

Bonding overview

Bonding by Magnus Drechsler

Summary of Covalent bonds

Task:
1. Watch the video and take notes
2. Complete the exercises in the video

Lewis dot structure/ Dot and Cross Diagram

Task:

Watch the first video and take notes
Work out as many rules as you can when drawing molecular covalent compounds using lewis structure

Examples/help:

Carbon always forms ? bonds and therefore has ? bonding pairs of electrons
Nitrogen likes to have ? bonds and ? lone pairs
Oxygen likes to have ? bonds and ? lone pairs

Complete the exercises at the end of the video
Draw the lewis dot structure of the following molecules:

Molecules:

CL2
O2
N2
C2H4
CO2
CN-
NH4+
H3O+

Choose one of the molecules to explain how to draw the lewis structure:

Use visuals and drawings in your explanation
Record your explanation
Upload your video on Flipgrid - access code: chemsitry8materials
Peer assess 2 classmates videos

The second video is explaining the basic dot and cross diagram that you would have used in MYP. This should help you to refresh your memory if you need to.

Practice

Task:

Pearson text book:

Look at the worked example P153
Complete the exercise 10-13 on page 154

Oxford text book

look at the worked example 1+2 page 103

Collaboration with DP Visual Art: Student knowledge and skills exchange

Firing process of clay:
The video is describing the baking of clay in a Kiln and outlining the reactions that take place during the firing process.

Reactions that take place during the firing process:

Pottery glazes:
This video is describing the colours of glazes before and after the firing process. Chemical reaction equations are used to understand an y colour changes.

Preparation for student knowledge/skills exchange:
DP Chemistry students:

Watch both of the video about the firing process of clay and pottery glazes - take notes
Use the diagram " Reaction that take place during the firing process", as well as the extra resources to work out the chemical equations for each of the reactions in the baking of clay
Prepare a short lesson and visual tools to help you teach the following things to the DP Visual Art students:

Reactions that take place during the firing process
Reactions that explain colour changes of the glaze during the firing process
Comparing difference in the way that chemical involved are bonded (ionic - for example CaCo3 / molecular covalent - for example SO2 / Metals - for example cobalt)

DP Visual Art students:

Learn how to use the pottery equipment and produce at least one piece of glazed pottery
Discuss as a class strategies that are important when teaching someone else pottery skills
Identify Art pieces that are made out of clay and prepare visuals and any other info about the art pieces to share with DP Chemistry students

Extra resources:

Royal Society of Chemistry: The chemistry of pottery

Link to Royal society of Chemistry

Research paper: Decomposition of Calcium Sulfate

Link to Research paper